Publications

5 Publications found…

• Evidence 27 October 2022

  The Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland

  By Billy Melo Araujo et al.

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  Summary CITP publication

  Written Evidence submitted to House of Lords Sub-Committee on the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland’s inquiry into the Northern Ireland Protocol Bill , October 2022.

  Topics

  None.

• Academic Paper 20 July 2022

  A Contextual Analysis of Article 16 of the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol

  By Billy Melo Araujo et al.

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  Summary Pre-CITP publication

  Article 16 of the Ireland–Northern Ireland Protocol annexed to the EU–UK Withdrawal Agreement is an escape clause which allows the parties to deviate from their obligations under certain conditions. This article maps out the main features of the safeguards provision in the Protocol in light of international trade law and international relations literature on treaty design. It provides a detailed examination of the safeguards provision in the Protocol and highlights the key design flaws associated with this regime as well as some potential solutions to such flaws.

  Topics

  • Trade with the EU and Brexit

• Book 20 July 2022

  Safeguards

  By Billy Melo Araujo et al.

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  Summary Pre-CITP publication

  Safeguard provisions are a common feature of international trade agreements. The Protocol has its very own safeguard provision in the form of Protocol Article 16 and the same provision is replicated, more or less verbatim, in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) Article 773. In the context of the Protocol, safeguard provisions seem particularly problematic as they provide a legal mechanism through which the EU and the UK could impose trade barriers within the island of Ireland, thus defeating what is arguably the primary objective of the Protocol. The aim of this chapter is to discuss the main features and differences between these safeguards and those safeguards inspired by the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) that are typically included in standard trade agreements.

  Topics

  • Trade with the EU and Brexit

• Book 14 July 2022

  Market Power Europe? Exporting EU disciplines on domestic services regulations through trade agreements

  By Billy Melo Araujo.

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  Summary Pre-CITP publication

  This chapter is part of a book that investigates the EU’s multi-faceted development as a global actor, unpacking its legal mission to be a ‘good’ actor as well as exploring the complexities of fulfilling this objective. It elicits critical reflections on the question of ‘goodness’ in EU external relations from descriptive, analytical and normative perspectives, and examines which metrics of actorness are useful in tackling this subject.

  Topics

  • Services trade

• Blog post 17 May 2022

  Inclusivity in trade policy? It's all about process

  By Viviane Gravey and Billy Melo Araujo.

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  Summary CITP publication

  This blog looks at inclusivity from the point of “who” - who gets to decide, who implements, who is consulted, as important as what policy objectives? What outcomes? - on whether UK trade policymaking is inclusive and how to make it more so. The authors provide four different dimensions for action as a good starting point in building an inclusive trade policy in the UK.

  Topics

  None.